The techniques of Judo are divided into the following 3 categories:
Nage-waza – This refers to the Judo technique of Throwing. Further, classifications of these are Tachi-waza (Standing Techniques) and Sutemi-waza (Sacrificing Techniques).The type of Tachi-waza depends on the part of his body that the thrower (tori) uses to throw the opponent (throw uke). Sutemi-waza involves the tori reducing him on the mat and simultaneously throwing the opponent.
Katame-waza – Application of this technique of Grappling is made when both the opponents have dropped on the mat, however exceptionally it can be useful while they stand. It is further classified as osae-komi-waza (pinning down technique), kansetsu waza (joint lock technique) and shime waza (strangle/choke technique).
Atemi-waza – Striking technique of Judo are classified into ashi-ate (leg striking) and ude-waza (arm striking).
Etiquette is most likely to be the most vital facet of Judo. This aspect has been given relevance, as it helps to develop the overall person within society too. Take into consideration that, this etiquette refers to the customs, rules or way to conduct oneself on and off the mat. Just like golf, for example, wherein etiquette is meant to be observed by the player as well as the spectators.
Randori is a training method, which is of great value off the mat. It allows free movement without direct resistance to force, which gives the judoka a chance to select and pursue his free movements in consequence. The philosophy of the Randori is endearing, because, what may look like a fight to an unaware spectator, is actually an art that teaches both the competitors consideration for one another. It holds its base in equalization. Hence, the competitor who is physically and technically superior, tones down his actions to reach the level of the other. This makes it a fair fight and an unselfish approach to learning Judo.
Another unique aspect of Judo is its ranking system. Belts of specific colours are assigned to the Judoka, which describe the level of technical and contest performance the Judo student has attained. A white belt signifies a beginner and a black belt connotes a judoka of high proficiency. This belt ranking also depends on the student’s contribution to the judo organization etc. This ranking serves many purposes. Understanding the connotation of the colours helps to know the seniority of the judoka and hence, the expression of respect by the juniors is imperative.
